Cultural Evolutionary Model Of Lewis Henry Morgan
Morgan believed (1877) that all cultures passed through these stages of development, although some became "stuck" in a stage. A simpler explantion is that these 'stages' are levels of understanding achieved by a civilization.
| Level Of Understanding | Characteristic |
|---|
| Civilization | Alphabet and writing |
|---|
| Upper Barbarism | Iron tools |
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| Middle Barbarism | Domestication of plants and animals |
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| Lower Barbarism | Pottery |
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| Upper Savagery | Bow and arrow |
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| Middle Savagery | Fish subsistence and fire |
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| Lower Savagery | Fruit and nut subsistence |
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| NB. From 'Human Antiquity' chapter 15 'The Evolution Of Civilization' |